学习强国平台2021年6月22日

学党史 | 党史青译·温州龙港：破旧立新，撤镇立市

https://article.xuexi.cn/articles/index.html?art_id=124628467272376365&item_id=124628467272376365&study_style_id=feeds_default&pid=&ptype=-1&source=share&share_to=wx_single

Dating back to 1984, five shabby fishing villages were swaying in the wind, with sparse lights. Poverty was found everywhere here. However, nowadays, Longgang, Wenzhou has become a famous city with convenient traffic and tall buildings. After 35 years of exploration, through the unremitting efforts and innovation of the people in Longgang, Chinese first peasant city has ultimately been born.

随着历史的步伐回溯至1984年，5个简陋破旧的小渔村在风中摇曳，这里灯光稀疏，一贫如洗；而如今浙江温州龙港已是一座著名的城市，四通八达，高楼林立。历经35年探索，通过龙港人民的不懈努力、创新改革，中国第一座“农民城”终于诞生。

In 1984, Chen Dingmo, the newly appointed Party Secretary, organized town cadres to conduct investigations and discussions, and finally reached a consensus on a development issue: Longgang lacked population and capital.

1984年，刚上任的党委书记陈定模组织镇干部进行调查讨论，最终在发展问题上达成共识——龙港缺少人口与资金。

However, population mobility was restricted in the long-term implementation of urban-rural dual structure and strict household registration management system. On the basis of following the central documents, Chen boldly put forward a reform of the household registration system: farmers who bought land to build houses and ran enterprises in Longgang could take care of their own rations and register their domiciles into the town.

在长期实行城乡二元结构和严格户籍管理制度的年代，人口流动是个禁区。陈定模在遵循中央文件的基础上，大胆地提出户籍制度改革：凡在龙港镇购地建房、经商办企业的农民都可自理口粮迁户口进龙港镇。

Facing the problem of capital, he was inspired by the excellent experience of building cities abroad. According to Marx's differential rent theory, he introduced the system of public facilities fee, and put forward the method of who builds, who invests, who benefits to remove doubts. Meanwhile, he organized 12 publicity teams to introduce the prospects and advantages of Longgang in Pingyang, Cangnan and other districts and towns, and finally they successfully collected nearly RMB ¥10,000,000 funds.

面对资金问题，他从国外建设城市的优秀经验中获得启发，根据马克思的级差地租理论，推出“公共设施费”制度，又提出“谁建设、谁投资、谁受益”的办法压倒质疑声。同时，他还组织了12支“宣传队”，带着规划图到平阳、苍南等地的区镇介绍龙港的前景和优势，最后成功汇总到近千万的资金。

After more than 30 years of development, Longgang has a permanent population of nearly 500,000 and a GDP of 25.1 billion yuan. It is an economically developed town in Zhejiang Province and one of the first batch of National New Urbanization Pilots in China. In 2016, a major breakthrough was made in the policy of upgrading small towns into cities; in 2019, Longgang eventually realized its dream of becaming a county-level city.

经过30多年的发展，如今的龙港常住人口近50万，GDP达251亿元，是浙江省的经济强镇，也是全国首批“国家新型城镇化试点”之一；2016年，小城镇设市政策取得重大突破；2019年，龙港终于圆梦成为县级市。

Longgang Town, as a model of Chinese farmers' modernization and integration into the world by self-reliance, condenses the panorama of China's evolution from a rural society to an urban society. Its development and the way for urbanization of rural areas explored by Chen and others are sustainable and reproducible experiences, which are worth learning from for the small towns across the country.

龙港镇作为中国农民自强自立走向现代化融入世界的标本，浓缩了中国从乡村社会到城市社会演变的全景。它的发展、陈定模等人所探索出的农村城市化道路，是可持续、可复制的经验，值得全国小城镇借鉴。

Standing at a new historical starting point, a brand-new Longgang is ready to emerge by planning at a high starting point, constructing with high standard and managing with high efficiency. This coastal town, born out of farmers' longing for the city, still has a long way to go.

站在新的历史起点上，通过高起点规划、高标准建设、高效能管理，一个全新龙港呼之欲出。这座诞生于农民对城市的热切向往的滨海小城，任重而道远。